Convert dates in the Gregorian or Julian calendars to the Islamic calendar ![]() One extra day is added at the end of the last month of the year. Leap days are added with reference to a 30 year cycle. If leap days were not added, the beginnings of months would soon not coincide with the first sighting of the lunar crescent. These corrections bring the average length of the month to just 2.9 seconds less than the synodic month. Since the synodic month is not a whole number of days (and notĢ9½ days either), to keep the calendar month in sync with the synodic month leap days must be introduced, just as in the Gregorian calendar leap days are introduced to keep the calendar year in sync with the tropical In this calendar, months are alternately 30 and 29 days long, making a 354-day year. The fifth day, which begins at sunset on Thursday, is the day for congregational prayer, but is not considered a day of rest.īecause local determination of dates can be extremely confusing, for historical and civil purposes a version of the calendar that is not based on local month-by-month observation is widely used. The names of the days of the week are numbers. The week has 7 days and begins at sunset on Saturday (Gregorian calendar). The day begins and ends at sunset, at the instant at which a white thread can no longer be distinguishedįrom a black one. ![]() The names of the months and their lengths in the calendar are: Name of month Practice of sighting the moon is observed most strictly for Ramadan, the month of fasting. The result is that dates may differ from city to city. If poor visibility makes it impossible to see the moon, the new month begins 30 days after the last one began. Because the year in the Islamic calendar is shorter than a solar year, the months drift with respect to the seasons, in a cycle 32½Ī new month begins when the ulama first sight the lunar crescent after a new moon. Quran (Sura IX, verses 36–37) sets the calendar year at 12 months. ![]() There is no intercalary period, since the The years are lunar and consist of 12 lunar months. (Astronomers, however, use an “astronomical Hegira epoch” that began on 15 July 622 (Julian calendar).) Years Of the era of the Hegira (1 Muharram a.h. 17 ‘Umar I, the second caliph, established the beginning before a date mean “anno Hegirae” or “after Hegira.” The first day of the year is fixed in the Quran as the first day of the month of Muharram. Its era begins with the migration from Mecca to Medina of Mohammed, the Prophet of Islam, an event knownĪs the Hegira. The Islamic calendar is the official calendar in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and some other Middle EasternĬountries, and is used privately by Moslems everywhere.
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